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Tr#}uD;us,faom omoemjykvkyfief;rsm; y&[dwvkyfief;rsm;udk aqmif&GufawmfrlcJhaom urBmhomoemjykq&mawmf b'NEœp¹ENr%d r[max&fjrwfonf 1972 cEkSpf/ arv (*)&ufaehwGif tdENd,EdkifiH ,lyDjynfe,f ukodem&kHjrefrm ausmif;wdkufY b0ewfxH ysHvGefawmfrlcJhygonf? q&mawmfbk&m;ysHvGefawmf rljcif;a=umifh EdkifiHaygif; (32) EdkifiHrS 0rf;enf;a=umif;o0%fv$mrsm;/ }uD;eef;pmjzifh (569)apmifESifh/ vufa&;r_jzifh (709)apmifwkd@udk ykd@ay;cJh=uygonf? xdk (1278)apmifaom 0rf;enf;r_o0%fv$mrsm;a&muf&Sdvmjcif;u q&mawmfbk&m;}uD;tm; urBmurnfr#av;pm;=unfndk=uonf/ rnfr#wefzdk;xm;=uonfudk oufaoom"u rD;armif;xdk;jyjcif;yifjzpfygonf?

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q&mawmf OD;pENrmvmvuFm& (&rf;jAJ hawmifausmif;)

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Tpmtkyffusrf;ESifhyifv#if q&mawmf. ynm*k%f&nf pG,fpHkajrmufbG,f&SdvSjcif; xif&Sm;ay.? q&mawmf. wdkif;jynfESifh vlrsdK;bmom omoemtay: rnfr#apwem&SdcJhonf tusdK;aus;Zl;rsm;cJ honftjzpfudk qifjcifum odomEdkifavonf? q&mawmf wpfoufwmjyKpkcJhaom usrf;rsm;rSm trsm;yifjzpf.?  aywGifa&;wifcJ haom usrf;rsm;ESifh yHkESdyfjyD; usrf;ESpfrsdK;&Sd&m tm;vHka;ygif; (21)usrf;[kod&.? xdkwGif tcsdK@rSm acwftrsdK;rsdK;wdk@udk ausmfjzwfvmcJh&um;aysmufuG,f ysufpD;jcif;odk@a&mufcJh&onf? tcsdK@rSm usrf;trnfrsmudkyif rod&Sd&awmhonfh tjzpfwdkifcJhonf? tcsdK@yHkESdyfjyD;pmtkyfrsm;udk xyfrHv#uf wynfhwyef;wdk@u óud;pm;xkwfa0 cJh=u.? &cdkif&mZ0ifopf usrf;;udkum; &mZ0ifokawoDrsm;u tcsif;csif;pkaygif;I yHkrSifESdyf ul;,ltoHk;jyKae =u&.? ,ck pHkprf;od&Sd&onfh usrf;rsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif; (18)usrf;jzpfa=umif;az:jyvdkuf&.? 

1? OwkabmZe oHaygufusrf;     1258

2? yÉdporky`g'f yumoeDusrf;     1261

3? em&' ZgwfawmfvuFmusrf;     1262

4? uy`0dedp>, usrf;      1270

5? a0&mr%d oDv0dep>,usrf;     1273

6? 0domckaygoxokwf ed\,opf     1273

7? orRm0g''Dyuusrf;       1274

8? apm'um 0dedp>,usrf;      1275

9? owWm, y[meusrf;      1274

10? o&%*k%f0dedp>,usrf;     

11?0d*~[e,usrf; 

12? ZrŠL'Dy tdENd,e,fyHkusrf;     1282

13? a0&mr%d oacFy orm'geusrf;

14? umvdu 0dep>,usrf;

15? ywWedukZ…eusrf;

16? &mZuUr oacFyusrf;      1282

1&? &cdkif&mZ0ifopfusrf; (y-'k)     1293

18? yk*~vESifh "rR"dXmef 0dep>,yumoeDusrf;    1285

(pmay0goem&SifwOD;)

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&cdkif&dk;&mpnfawmf pwifay:aygufvm&jcif;ta=umif;

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xdktcsdefumvuyif u\ybk&m;ocifomoem qkyfuyfumvjzpfonf? xdktcsdefumvwGif [dr0Eœmawm}uD; awmif}uD;rsm;xJrSm tvGefausmfaZmxif&Sm;aom (uk¾&)tdkif (ouUÉ*l)wGif;juD;wGif cdkatmif;eDaom ykZGef}uD;waumifonf rsm;pGm}uD;xGm;oefrmv#uf vGefpGma=umufrufzG,f aumif; um ol.vufr (jcDr) ESpfckjzifh vmor#aom a&owœ0g/ ukefowœ0gtaygif;wkd@tm; nSyfowfjzwfv#uf aoap&avonf?

xdkumvr=umjrifhrD [dr0Eœmawm}uD;twGif;Y tifrwefcGeftm;AvESifhjynhfpHkaom a=umufrufzG,faumif;aom (qif[wÎd)}uD;waumifonf xif&Sm;ay:aygufvm avnf?

‚if;qif}uD;onf tqdkyg (ouUÉ*l)wGif rif;rlaeaom ykZGefaumif}uD;tm; eif;owfv#uf vufr(jcDr)}uD;ESpfacsmif;udk ESmarmif;jzifh csKd;zJhum jrpfxJodk@ypfcs vdkufavonf?

xdktcg vufr}uD;ESpfacsmif;udk tol&mrif; q,f,l&&Sdavojzifh pnf=uufumwD; cwfav&m jidrfhanmif;om,mzG,f toHpHkjzpfay:vmavojzifh xl;qef;pGmaom tol&mewfpnfawmfudk od=um;rif;u wdkufcdkufodrf;ydkufum ,laqmifvm;cJhonf?

usefaom wacsmif;aom ykZGefvufr(jcDr)}uD;onf tpOftwdkif; **Fgjrpfzsm;u wqifh yifv,fokd@arsmygvmjyD;aomf avjyif;wdkufcwfavaoma=umifh 'Gg&m0wD jrpfurf;ezl;Y a&csKd;ae=uukefaom 0goka'0rif;nDaemif wusdyfwdk@onf q,f,l&&Sd=uavukef.?

xdkykZGefvufr(jcDr) wuUÉudk pnfawmf=uufv#uf eef;awmfwGifwD;cwf=uav&m tifrwefxl;jcm;tHh=ozG,faom oHpHkwD;v#uf ay:xGef;vmjyD;aomf om,mjidrfh anmif;zG,faom toHpHkvifpGmjzifh ay:xGef;vmavojzifh toHpnfawmfESifh udkufnDatmif omjcif; tjcif;rsm;azmfv#uf okckrynmajymifajrmufpGmjzifh pyfqdkum oDqdkuuGufxGifjyD; (pnfawmf}uD;udk pwifwD;cwf=uavonf?)

odk@jzpfavaoma=umifh &cdkif&mZ0ifawmf}uD;vuFmY atmufygtwdkif; azmfjyxm;ygonf?

(&dk;nGwfcyfodrf; &efppfjidrf;I rk'drf;/ "m;jy/ cdk;olponf vefhxajumufnSif; &efrsKd;pifrS aomif;cGifa=umf=um; xdkrif;rsm;wkd@ aysmfyg;jrL;qef; òrd&$ifysHY ajcG&HrSefysif; rsm;vl&Sif ESifh aeusifaygif;&kef; ZrŠLvHk;ukd odrf;usKH;qnf& tzkd@ðyI wckrºuGif; vkyfcGefoGif;v#uf pHjcif;rsm;pGm xdktcgY rnfomac:x uk¾&[k tdkif;rufY0,f a=umufrufzG,fom;/ }uD;us,foefvS ouUZlvdk yGyGorBm zl;iHktmom/ yGifhvmbkef;[d qif[wÎdv#if eif;bdwef;cdk; &Swf&SwfusKd;u pG,fuskd;bdeM jrpfokd@csaomf vufrx&H rsKd;avxHkI }udwf}udwfxdkcg tol&mwdk@ r[morkwf v_dif;cwfðzwfu 0&rfa&a=umif; 0ifavacsmif;aomf wacsmif;tºuG,f q,f&Jav.? jrJwG,fonfrS 0SefaygufjyJom;/ pnfrpnf}uD; pnfoD&d[k jykjyD;ukefrS/ 0go0ESifh awG@=u&efarS ewfppfajrY &_H;av&um; yg,fpGefhoGm; om; od=um;wrl &av,lrS [def;qlausmf=um; tvrŠ[k wGifxtrnf odem;vnfavmh/ xdkpOftrsKd; twlusKd;I a&&dk;v,m arsm=u&mwGif **Fgjrpfa=umif; ygavao#mif;I wacsmif;udkrl usGef;Zrᅜbl0,f &dyfjzlaqmif;aqmif; wusdyfaygif;om;/ rif;aZmfjyD;'o om'uwkd@/ 'Gg&m0wD òrdawmifqD0,f/ e'Djr,Of ujrLpOfY 0Ja&csrf;òrduf/ q,fcGmvdkuf0,f/ wefh&dyfjrnfvsuf ajrmufpnfjuufI/ rysufwD;u/ oH0Sef;jzefhonf/ 'D(a')usGef;Zrᅜbl v$rf;ywfwnf;?) [lIyifyg&Sdavonf?

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&cdkifjynfe,f wHqdyf t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkcsuf

&cdkifvlrsKd;wdk@oHk;pGJcJhaom a0omvDacwf &cdkif'*Fg;. yef;zufyHkudk tajccHazmfjyxm;ygonf?  a0omvD acwf&cdkif'*Fg;udk owfrSwfazmfjy&jcif;rSm &cdkifvlrsKd;rsm;. ay:vGifxif&Sm;aom tEkynm "emOpPm ºuG,f0jcif;ESifh a&S;ya0o%Duyif ,Ofaus;r_xGef;um;vmcJhonf[k &nfn$ef;azmfxkwfvdkI jzpfygonf?  &cdkifjynfe,fwHqdyfwHqdyf. tay:xdyfwGif =u,fjzLwpfyGifh/ atmufzufwGif “&ckdifjynfe,f”[k a&;omazmfjyxm;jyD; oZifyef;acGESpfcufjzifh jcH&Hxm;ygonf? &cdkifjynfe,f wHqdyfwGif yg&Sdaom &kyfyHkrsm;. t"dy`g,frSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpfygonf?

Ú=u,fjzl

•       jynfaxmifpkqdk&S,fvpforRwjrefrmEdkifiHtvHwGifyg&Sdaom jynfe,fESifhwdkif; (14)ckudk azmfn$ef; xm;onfh =u,fjzL(14)vHk;teuf &cdkifjynfe,ftwGuf owfrSwfxm;aom =u,fjzLwpfyGifhudk owfrSwfxm;jcif;jzpfygonf?

ÚoZifyef;acGESpfcuf

•       &cdkifjynfe,fwGif oZifyef;onf jynfe,f. t"dujrifhjrwfjzLpifaom yef;wpfrsKd;jzpfygonf? ,if;yef;udk trSDðyI tjrifhtjrwfpum;vHk;wdk@ udkoHk;pGJ&mwGif oZifyef;udk OyrmðyIwifpm; oHk;pGJ cJh=uygonf? oZifyef;udk &cdkifwdk@u oefhpif yef;[kac:onf? oefhvnf;oefh&Sif;onf? jzLvnf; jzLpifonf? oefh&Sif;jzLpifaom tem;&pf&Sdonf? yGifhzwftv,fwGif 0g0if;I a&$a&mif&Sdaom 0wfqHESpfck&Sdonf? arG;vnf;arG;óudifonf? jrifhjrwfaom opfyif}uD;rsm;tay: Yomaygufa&mufonf?  jzLpifaom oDva&mif 0g0if;aom 0wfqHta&mifwdk@rSm Ak'<. ouFef;a&mifudk aqmifaeonf? ,if;a=umifh tjrwfqHk;yef;[lI wifpm;orkwf=uonf? ,if;udk tpGJjykI bk&m;aygif;csKyf. oauFwmtac:ta0:uAsmwGif “oZifyef;cdkifwpfjrdkifjrdkif &cdkifbk&m; aygif;” [lI zGJ@qdkcJh=uonf? oZifyef;cuf. wpfzufpDwGif yg&Sdaom (8)yGifhESifh xdyfay:wGif wpfyGifhaygif;vdkufaomfvnf; 9 jzpfonf? xdyfay:Y&Sdaom tyGifhonf ESpfzufpvHk;ESifh qdkifonf? ab;Oyg'ftEœ&m,fuif;&Sif;ap&ef udk;e0if;a=uaom vuQ%mudkjyxm;onf? azmfjyyg oZifyef;cufwpfcufpDwGif tyGifhi,fvuf0JrS (8)yGifh vusfmrS (8)yGifhpD &dk;wHudkrSDI &Sdae=uonf? xdyfay:rS wpfyGifhESifhaygif;vdkufaomf (17)yGihfjzpfI &cdkifjynfe,f (17)ðrd@e,fudk azmfaqmifygonf?

ÚAdEMajymufrsm;

•       a0omvD'*Fg; tjyifbufpuf0dkif;wGif azmfjyxm;aom AdEMajymufrsm;rSm euU'gefwD;0dkif;. yHko¾mefjzpfonf? a0omvD'*Fg;rsm;wGif yg&Sdaom AdEMrsm;rSm ta&twGuftm;jzifh vHk;a& 20 yg&Sdaom '*F g;trskd;tpm;&SdouJhodk@ vHk;a& 20 xufydkrdkyg&Sdaom '*gF;rsm;vnf; &Sda=umif; awG@&onf? odk@aomfvnf; ,ckowfrSwfxm;aom &cdkifjynfe,fwHqdyfygAdEMajymufrsm;. ta& twGufudk vHk;a& 20 [kowfrSwfxm;ygonf? ,if;okd@ owfrSwf&jcif;rSm wHqdyf. tvStyESifh a&S;&cdkifrif;rsm;. t"duusifh0wfjzpfaom rif;usifhwpf&m;q,fyg;/ em,u *k%fajcmufyg;/ o*F[ w&m;av;yg;wdkhudk ay:vGifap&ef &nfn$ef;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf?

Úod&d0pၦ

•       od&d0pၦrSm oZifyef;acGtv,fwGif&Sdonf? 4if;onf a0omvDp¹ENm;rif;wdkh '*Fg;wGif cyfESdyfoHk;pGJaom yHkjzpfavonf? TwHqdyfudk '*Fg;wGifomru &mZyv†ifrkwfwHuJrsm;/ bk&m;wefaqmifrkwfwHuJrsm;wHcg;rkwfpDrsm;wdkhwgif tjrJoHk;pGJcJhjuonf? o&d0prSm usufoa& r*FvmtjzmjzmESifh jynfhpHkonf[ kt"dy`g,f&onf? ,if;txJwGif oauFwmrsm;pGmyg&Sdygonf?

     ÚaeESifhv

•       aeESifhvwkd@rSm yxrqHk;&cdkif[laom trnfudkcH,ljcif;rSpI tkyfcskyfcJhaomrif;wdkhonf aev&Sdaom bGJxl;/ *k%fxl;trnfrsm;udkcH,lcJh=uonf? ol&d,rif;quf/ p¹ENm;rif;quf[lI tkyfcskyfcJh=uonf? aevwkd@onf urBm. wefqmrsm;jzpf=uonfhtav#muf tat;ESifhtyl/ tvif;ESifhtarSmif/ tusKd;ESifhtjrpfwkd@udk xif&Sm;apEdkifaom owdœ&Sd=uonf? aerif;ESifhwlaom tusifh/ vrif;ESifhwlaom tusifhwdk@&Sd=uonf? ,if;enf;twl rif;ESifhwuG jynfolwdk@onf opPmw&m;wnf=unf=u&rnf? ,Ofaus;r_tEkynm/ pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeESifh trsKd;om;rsm; vuQ%mudk azmfn$ef;xm;ygonf? aeonf urBmajray:&Sd vlowœ0gwdk@udk tvif;a&mif ay;onf? vonfat;jr=unfvifaom om,mr_wkd@udk a'oXmera&G;/ yk*~Kdvfowœ0gra&G; r#waom ta&mifudkay;wwfonf? vlom; owœ0gwdk@tay:wGif at;jr=unfvifaom opPmw&m;&Sdonfudk azmfn$ef;xm;jcif;jzpfonf?

    Úvuf0J&pfc&koif;ESifh vusfm&pfc&koif;

•       wdkif;jynfudktkyfcsKyfaom bk&ifrsm;/ bdodwfcH&mY vuf0JESifhvufusfm&pfc&koif;wdk@jzifh opPma&pifjzef;&onf? a&pifjzef;&mwGif wdkif;oljynfom;taygif;wdk@tm; opPm/ oDv/ "rR &Sd=uygap[laom o&kyfazmfudk azmfaqmifygonf?

    Úpdefawmif

•       pdefawmifonf tv,fA[dkwnfhwnfhwGif r¾Kdiftjzpf rm;rm;rwfrwfajzmifhwef;pGm &yfwnfxm;onf? azmfjycJhaom opPm/ "rRw&m;wdk@onf rif;ESifhwuG jynfolwdkhtm;wnfhwnfh rwfrwftkyfcsKyfjcif;/ cH,lvdkufemjcif; vuQ%mudk azmfjyxm;ygonf?

pdefawmifatmufcH

•       pdefawmifatmufcHrSm vjcrf;o¾mef&SdjyD; pdefawmiftm; rwdrf;r,dkifapjcif;iSm atmufcHðyvkyfxm;jcif; oabmudko&kyfaqmifonf?

        Úa&G;vHk;(7)vkH; (AdEM)

•       &cdkifwdk@onf =uwdœumeuQwfESifh ,SOfonfhvlrsKd;rsm;jzpf=uonf? =uwdœumeuQwfonf pyg;yif/ ajrrsm;.vuQ%mudkaqmifonf? (wpfcsK@dusrf;Y =uifckepfaumif[kqdkonf)? =uwdœum euQwfudkrSD;I xGef,ufjcif;/ pdkufysdK;&dwfodrf;jcif;wkd@udk ðyvkyf=uonf? &cdkifjynfe,fonf =uwdœumeuQwfESifh avsmfnDpGm pyg;pdkufysKd;a&;udk t"dujykI oufarG; 0rf;ausmif;aqmif&Guf&aom jynfe,fwpfckjzpfavonf? ,if;ajumifh &cdkifjynfe,f. toufaoG;cJjzpfaom pD;yGm;a&;ESifh pdkufyskd;a&;vuQ%moabmudkaqmifxm;jcif;jzpfygonf?

     ÚjcL;yef;

•       jcL;yef;onf tjrifhjrwfqHk;aom yef;wpfrsKd;wGif yg0ifonf? jcL;yef; rSm tyifrS yGifhaom yef;rsKd;r[kwfay? jcL;aumif[kac:aom owœ0gwpfrsKd;. cE<mudk,fvufrS aygufa&mufaeaom tar$;trSifwdk@. ykHo¾mefwGif tacGacGtvdyfvdyfjzpfay:aejcif;udk o&kyfazmfI yef;csD/ yef;ykq&mwdk@onf bk&m;/ apwD/ taqmuftOD;/ yv†if/ rkwfwHuJrsm;/ xD;/ aqmifwef;aqmifpaom taqmuftOD;wkd@wGif tajymuftjydef;rsm;/ yef;cuf/ yef;acG/ yef;vdyf/ yef;EG,frsm; xkvkyf&mwGif o&kyfazmfI xkvkyfcJh=uonf? yef;cufwkd@. tv,fwGif jcL;aumifrsm;xkvkyfxm;jcif;a=umifh jcL;yef;[kac:onf? jcL;aumifwkd@onf vltaygif;wkd@. ypPnf;OpPmudkvnf;aumif;/ toD;tESHwdk@udkvnf;aumif; vHk;0zsufpD;jcif;r&Sd/ olwdk@oGm;&mwGif tarG;trSifrsm; wpfckESifhwpfckxdcdkufI qGJvGJjrnfoHuJhodk@ w¹cGif¹cGif jrnfonf? ,if;a=umifh qGJvnf;i,frsm;udk jcL;i,f[lIac:onf? r*Fvm&Sdaom/ aw;oHom aomtoHwdk@udk o&kyfaqmifxm;onf? 4if;wkd@onf umrqENw&m;Y wpfoufv#if wpf}udrfomrSD0Jjcif;&Sdonf? olwpfyg;trsKd;tEG,frsm;udkvnf; zsufqD;jcif;r&Sd/ tjA[Rp&d,m oduQmyk'fudkapmifhxdef;jcif;/ wdkif;oljynfom;wdk@onfvnf; rk'def;wEœrusL;vGef=uap&ef o&kyfaqmifxm;jcif;jzpfygonf?

T oD&d0pၦwpfckvHk;. oabmw&m;rSm opPm"rR&Sdjcif;/ v,f,mpdkufysKd;a&;Y pyg;oD;ESHrsm;yGm;rsm;apjcif; tvif;ESifhtarSmiftusKd;ESifhtjypfw&m;wdk@udk qifjcifEdkifapjcif;/ rdrdwdk@&dk;&m"avhxHk;pHrsm;udkapmifhxdef;Edkifjcif;/ acwfESifhavsmfnDpGmwpnf;wpfvHk;wnf; wnfjrJEdkifapjcif;/ xGef;opfay:rsm;wdk;wufapEdkifaom oauFw oabmrsm;udk o&kyfazmfaqmifxm;ygonf?

&cdkiftvH t"y`g,fzGifhqkdcsuf

 

•       &cdkifjynfe,fatmifvHudk a&S;&ckdifacwftqufqufwGif toHk;ðycJhaom tajccHoauFwm trSwftom;rsm;udk rlwnfcJh=uonf?

•       atmifvHtwdkif;twmrSm acwftqufqufoHk;pGJcJhaom atmifvHonf tvGef&Snfvsm; }uD;rm;cJhojzifh ,ckacwfESif hqDavsmfatmiftoHk;ðyEdkif&eftwGuf? rlvtwdkif;twmudk rSDI tcsKd;tpm;tvdkufðyjyifcJh=uonf? rlvtwdkif;twm. tcsKd;tpm;rSm tvsm;udk;awmif/ teH ajcmufawmif&SdcJhygonf?

•       atmifvH. ta&miftqif;udkrlvta&miftwdkif;twnfðycJh=uonf?  rlvta&mif tqif;rSm tjzLa&mifxuf0ufESifh teDa&mifxuf0ufjzpfonf? tay:ydkif;xuf0ufrSm tjzLa&mifjzpfjyD; atmufydkif;xuf0ufrSm teDa&mifjzpfonf? t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkcsufrSm tay:ydkif; ta&mifonf &cdkiftrsKd;om;wdk@. jzLpifaom pdwf"mwf&Sdjcif;/ trsKd;oDvESpfXmeudk apmifhxdef;jcif;/ jzLpifajzmifhrwfaom pdwf"mwf&Sdjcif;ESifh jzLpifwnf=unfapmifhxdef;tyfaom udk,fusifhw&m;&Sdjcif;wdk@udk azmfaqmifonf? teDa&mif. oabmrSm &J&ifhwnf=unfaom owdœESifh cdkifcefhwnf=unfaom ZmwdaoG;/ Zmwdrmef&Sdjcif;wdk@udkt"dy`g,faqmifygonf?